Remote-control system



Dec. 30, 1952 w, DERR 2,623,939

REMOTE-CONTROL SYSTEM Filed April 2, 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet l IndicatingReceiving L s'and l4 me upervlslan 33 Equipment 39 l6 Automatic Signal Flg IO Indicating Trn flsmifling Equipment Equipment IO l9 l8 6\ I I 4 IPosition Code lmpul e Indicating Selecinon Caun'nng Omps EquipmentCircuits Equipment Paint 20 Fig. lb.

" INVENTOR 205 Willard Derr.

W ATTORQQY WITNESSES:

Dec.30, 1952 4 W.A. DERR 2,623,939

REMOTE-CONTROL SYSTEM Filed April 2. 1949 s Sheets-Sheet 9 ImpulseCounting Re izing Equine 9* Equipment |mpu|e Reset Counting E i.Equipment A8 '2 22 23 25 Control Automatic Master Indicating IndicatingCheck Equipment Equipment Equipment 40 lnierposing Relays I BreakerPosition Circuit Indicating Equipment Breakers 5 Fig. 2a.

' Fig. 2b.

INVENTKOR Wil lard A.- Derr Y W7 ATTNEY Dec. 30, 1952 v w DERR 2,623,939

REMOTE-CONTROL SYSTEM Filed April 2,. 1949 s Sheets-Sheet 5 L POll'll 8K8 v 93 Fig.lc.

-|NVENTOR Willard A. De'rr.

WITNESSES:

Dec. 30, 1952 w, E 2,623,939

REMOTE-CONTROL SYSTEM 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed April 2, 1949 95 INVENTORWillard A. Derr Fig. 20.

Q1}, I ATTORNZY WlTNEsSES: Moke-Before-Breuk Contacts Dec. 30, 1952 w A,DERR 2,623,939

' REMOTE-CONTROL SYSTEM Filed April 2,. 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 indicatingReceiving v 33 and Line Supervision 4 Equipment 39 Flg. Automotic' [1 W]5 lEndigotinqt Sign. qu'pmen Tongmittintg A6 qulpmen 3s r35 Q PositionIndicating Code Impulse Lamps Selection Counting Circuits Equipment isie Fig. le.

02 v ,240 Oscillotor 2 3 EL 3: g i1 Oscillator YINVENTOR Willard A.Derr.

g ATTORaY Y WITNESSES:

Dec. 30, 1952 w, A, DERR 2,623,939

REMOTE'CONTROL SYSTEM Filed April 2, 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 lmpul e c dGoqnhng F l 9? Equlpmenl check Recelvlng 8:

E ui ment lmpul-Se Reset g p Counting E uip I I I Equipment i 22' 23 25Control Automatic Indicating lndlgaimq Check Equipment q lp 33 Equipment40 "3| lnterposing Relays 27 I Breaker Position Circuit IndicatingEquipment Breakers -l5 3o Fig. 2d

Fig. 2e.

INVENTOR Willard A. Derr.

:mined number of each of Patented Dec. 30, 1952 REMOTE-CONTROL SYSTEMWillard A. Derr, Pittsburgh, Pa.,

assignor to Westinghouse Electric Corporation, East Pitts,- burgh, Pa.,a corporation of Pennsylvania Application April 2, 1949, Serial No.85,138 11 Claims. (01. 17'Z353) My invention relates,;generally, toremote controlisystems, and it has "reference in particular tosupervisory control :systems of the self-checking itype.

Generally stated,itis an object of my invention to-provide a supervisorycontrol system of the self-checking type that is simple andinexpenl:siye to manufacture and reliable and effective in operation.

.More specifically, it is an object of my invention to provide asupervisory control system which'uti-lizes different patterns of apredetertwo diiierentkinds of signal impulses for selecting apparatus tobe con- .trolled at a remote location.

Another object of my'invention is to provide :forusing code signals eachcomprising a predetermined number of impulses-each of two differentfrequencies arranged in difierent patterns, so as to minimize errors inselection and make the system substantially self-checking.

:It is also anobject-of my-invention to provide :a self-checkingsupervisory control system which utilizes-code signals comprising equalnumbers of impulses of opposite polarities arranged in differentpatterns.

An important object of my-invention is'to provide, in .a self-checkingsupervisory controlsystem, for using a chain of counting relays tocontrol a pair'of signal-transmitting relays for producing distinctivesignal impulses in different patterns or arrangements, and counting'thesignal impulses to determine the number of each .kind-and the totalthereof so as to insure proper selection of the apparatus it is desiredto control.

,I also provide, :in a self-checking supervisory control system, forusing signals consisting of impulses'of only two distinctive kindsineach direction between a dispatching oflice and a remote substation, andfor counting the signal impulses transmitted to determine whether theproper point is selected, :before transmitting a controlzcoderorimpulse.

Another object of my invention is to provide, in aself-checkingsupervisory control system,;for fi st selecting the particular point tobe controlled, providing a check on the selection of the point, and thentransmitting .an operating code.

An :important :object of my invention is to provide, in a self-checkingsupervisory control system, :for producing different arrangements of twodistinctive signal impulses, and utilizing at .a asubstation "a chain ofimpulse counting relays WhlCh is selectively responsive to thedistinctive signal impulses.

2 Yet another object of my'invention is toprovide, in a self-checkingsupervisory control system, for using a chain of counting relays totransmit different arrangements of two audio frequency signalimpulses-of difierent frequencies for selecting different operatingpoints,

It is also an important object of my invention to provide, in asupervisory control system, for transmitting signal codes'of'apredetermined number of each of two distinctive impulse signals, and forreleasing the system in the event that the total number of impulses iseither less than or more than the predetermined number.

Other objects will in part be obvious and-will in part be describedhereinafter.

In practicing my invention in one of its forms, a plurality'of circuitbreakers or other apparatus units at a remote substation are controlledand supervisedfrom a dispatching office over a single signalling channelby means of a self-checking supervisory control system.

A signal transmitter operable to apply impulses of opposite polaritiesto the signalling channel is provided at the dispatching ofiice foroperation under the control of a chain of impulse counting relays, so asto produce signals comprising a predetermined number of impulses of eachpolarity in difierent patterns, as determined by code selectioncircuits, which includes, point selection key 'for'each circuit breakerto be controlled.

Polarized signalreceiving relays at the remote substation areselectively responsive to the impulses applied to the signallingchannel, and each of them'controls a chain of impulse counting re- .layswhich count .the impulses and set up operating circuits for one of theinterposing relaysassociatedwith each breaker. Code checking and resetrelays are provided at the substation for releasing the substationequipment in the event that the predetermined number of impulses-is notreceived.

An impulse ofone polarity or the other is then transmitted, depending onwhether the operate key of the selected breaker has been operated to thetrip or close position. Indication control relays at the remotesubstation selectively energize the signalling channel with oppositepolarities to operate position indicating relays and lamps at thedispatching oflice, depending upon the selected breaker operation.

Automatic operation of a breaker starts automatic indicating meansincluding a stepping relay at the substation which drives acorresponding stepping relay .at the dispatching ofiice and selectivelyapplies a potential to the "signalling channel, depending upon whether abreaker is closed or open, so as to check the positions of the positionindicating relays for each breaker at the dispatching ofii-ce.

For a more complete understanding of the nature and scope of myinvention, reference may be made to the following detailed description,which may be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of the supervisory control equipment atthe dispatching office of a supervisory control system embodying theinvention in one of its forms;

Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of the supervisory control equipment atthe substation corresponding to the dispatching office equipment of Fig.1a;

Fig. 1b is a diagrammatic view of the supervisory control equipmentshown schematically in Fig. la, with the exception of the impulsecounting relays and a portion of the selection code circuits;

Fig. 1c is a diagrammatic view of the impulse counting relay portion,and the remaining portion of the selection code circuits, of thedispatching oflice equipment shown in Fig. 1a, and is disposed to bepositioned directly beneath Fig. 1b to complete the diagrammatic view ofthe equipment shown schematically in Fig. 160;

Fig. 2b is a diagrammatic view of the supervisory control equipmentshown schematicall in Fig. 2a, with the exception of the impulsecounting relays, the master check relay, the breaker interposing relays,and the breaker position indicating relays;

Fig. 2c is a diagrammatic view of the counting relays and othersubstation equipment omitted from Fig. 2b, and necessary to complete thesubstation equipment shown schematically in Fig. 2a;

Fig. 1d is a schematic diagram of the supervisory control equipment atthe dispatching office in a system embodying the invention in adifferent form;

Fig. 2d is a schematic diagram of the supervisory control equipment usedat a substation in conjunction with the dispatching ofiice equipment ofFig. 101;

Fig. 1e is a diagrammatic view of dispatching oflice supervisory controlequipment disposed to beused in conjunction with Fig. 10, to complete adiagrammatic view of the equipment shown schematically in Fig. 1d; and

Fig. 2e is a schematic diagram of supervisory control equipment disposedto be used in conjunction with the equipment of Fig. 20 to com plete adiagrammatic view of the substation equipment shown schematically inFig. 2d.

Referring to Figs. 1a and 2a, the reference numeral l may denotegenerally supervisory control equipment at a dispatching office, whichmay be connected with supervisory control equipment l2 at a remotesubstation by means of a signalling channel comprising line conductors I3 and H, for controlling and supervising the operation of apparatusunits such as circuit breakers l5 at the substation. While thisembodiment of the invention is shown as used with line conductors, theinvention is not limited to such, and the term channel as used herein isintended to include carrier frequency, radio and other wave propagationmeans, as well as line conductors.

At the dispatching office, signal transmititng equipment 16 may beprovided for applying to the line conductors l3 and I4 impulses oiopposite polarities in difierent arrangements or patterns, which may bedetermined by impulse counting equipment I8, which operate in sequenceto effect selective operation of the signal transmitting equipment, asdetermined by a plurality of code selection circuits 19, which mayinclude point selection keys associated with each of the breakers to becontrolled at the substation.

At the substation, signal receiving equipment 22 may be provided, whichis selectively responsive to the polarity of the impulses applied to theline conductors l3 and I4. These impulses may be counted by means ofimpulse counting equipment 23, which may be selectively controlled bythe signal receiving equipment 22. Code check and reset equipment 25operates if there are more than or less than a predetermined number ofimpulses to reset the system so as to prevent a false operation. Theimpulse counting equip ment 23 operates selectively in response to theoperation of the signal receiving equipment 22 to complete operatingcircuits for breaker interposing relays 27, which control the operationof whichever of the breakers l5 may be associated therewith. Breakerposition indicating equipment 30, including relays associated with eachcircuit breaker, effect operation of one or the other of a pair ofrelays of control indication equipment 3| to apply either a positive ora negative potential to the signalling channel to indicate the positionof the selected breaker.

At the dispatching oflice, indication receiving and line supervisionequipment 33 is provided for controlling the operation of positionindicating equipment 35, which selectively energize indicating lamps 36to indicate the position of the selected circuit breaker, and forsupervising the signalling channel.

At the substation, automatic indication equipment 38 is provided, whichis controlled by the circuit substation breaker position indicatingequipment to operate and eiTect synchronous operation of automaticindicating equipment 39 at the dispatching office to check the positionof each of the breakers in the event that one of them opensautomatically.

Master check equipment 40 is provided at the remote substation foroperation in response to the transmission of a master check code fromthe dispatching office to effect operation of the automatic indicationequipment 38 for checking the position of each circuit breaker.

Referring to Figs. 1b and 1c, it will be seen that the signaltransmitting equipment I6 at the dispatching office may comprise a pairof signal transmitting relays FI and F2 for selectively connecting theline conductors I3 and M to a source of direct current so that eitherthe conductor 1 3 is positive or the conductor I4 is positive. Operationof the transmitting relays FI and F2 may be controlled by means of aplurality of impulse counting relays represented generally by thenumeral l8, and which may comprise a. chain of counting relays SIthrough S6.

A plurality of sequence relays 4|, 42 and 43 may be provided inconjunction with the counting relays for setting up circuits fordifierent ones of the counting relays, in sequence. A driving impulserelay SS of the delayed dropout type may be utilized for operation inresponse to op eration of either of the transmitting relays FI and F2,for connecting the impulse counting relays Sl through SB and sequencerelays 4| through 43 to a source such as a dispatching ofiicebattery forefiecting operation thereof.

for each fclrouit breaker to be controlled at 'tli'eiremotessubstation,an individual control point iis provided at the dispatching office :for"setting up "the :select'ion code circuits I9; Since the equipmentindividual to these control points will besubstantiallyidentical, onlythe equipmentat rpoint I 'willrbe described in detail, although theequipment for points 8 and it are also shown, for .the {purposes ofillustration.

.Referringto Fig. 10, it will berseen that'each pointsmay provided witha;.point :sele'ction key, such as the spring return type :key Kl, forconitrolling the code selection circuits l9 through which thetransmitting relays Fl and F2 may be selectively controlled .by theimpulse :countingrelaysSl throughisfi. .Eac'h control point may alsoLire-provided with a control l keyiof the twist type, such as :the ;keylCKI, which may 'be operated either 'to the 'close .or trip position forde- Ltermining' the "transmission of a control code'for operating thebreaker associated "with the particular control-point.

In conjunction with the point selection key Kl fan-d the control keyCKl, a red closed lamp R, :a "white disagreement lamp "W, and a greenopen lamp -Gr may be provided for indicating the position of theassociated breaker. A osi- 'tion indicating relay 45 may be provided inconjunction with the lamps at the control point I for'Jind-icating theposition of breaker #1 at the "remote substation.

Referring to Figs. 2b and 2c, it will'be seen'that the 'si'ghalreceiving equipment 22 "at'the substation inaiv comprisereceiving'relays P and N havjing rectifler devices '45 and 41 in circuitrelation therewith-soas to 'rnakethem selectively respon- =sive to theapplication of positive impulses to the line-conductors 1'4 andfirespectively.

In order to provide for counting'the'impulses applied to the receivingrelays P and N, a plurallty'of impulse counting relays'; designatedgenerally I-by' the numeral 23, ma be provided at the substation. 'Thesecounting relays may, for example, comprise one chain of counting relaysIFlf-ZFI, '3Fl, EFL 5F! and 'GFI, disposed to be coritrolledby thereceiving relay P, and a second chain ofcountingrelays 'IFZ, ZFZ, 3P2,4E2, "5E2 anatrz disposed to be controlled-by the receiving relay N.

These two chains of counting relays may be proi ided with a pluralitycfcommon sequence relays '59, "5|, 52, 53, '54 and 55, having A anu'Boperating windings on each relay, the A winding being disposed to'beenergized in series circuit relatibh 'v'v'ith its associates countingrelay controlldbythe receiving relay 'N,-and theB windhis being]disposed to be energized in series "circuit relation with thecorresponding counting relay of the chain controlled by the receivingre- 'layiP.

At the remote "substation the code check and reset equipment, designatedgenerally by the numeral 25, may comprise an undercount reset relay'T,which is essential to operation of the counting chains. RlayT may be ofthe delayed dropout type and disposed to be operated any time either of"the receiving relays P andN operates. energizing circuit may beprovided for "the relay T through 'a front contact of the sequence relay55 so relay'T in the event that the sequence relay "55, which is picked'up at the end ofthe normal code "sequence, does not operate.An'overcount release relay RE may be provided for deenergizingthecountingfichain relays and resetting thezsubas'to provide fordeenergiz'ing 1 and a trip interposing relay 'Il.

station equipment in the .eventthat morethan the predetermined number ofimpulses are received. Energization of the relay RE may be provided inthe event that either of the receiving relays P or N is again energizedafter the seoperating circuit-for the int-erposing relays of theselected breaker.

Since the 1.c.ontr,ol equipment at each of the breaker locations issubstantially the same, only that for the #1 circuit breaker will bedescribed in detail, although the control equipment for breaker #8 andbreaker #1 6 is shown for purposes of illustration.

Each of the breakers, for example, breaker #1, may be -provided with abreaker position indicating relay G5, a close interposing relay 'Cl Inorder to provide ,for insuring energization of the trip and close relaysfor a sufficient time to insure proper operation of the breaker,auxiliary control relays PX and NX may be provided for selectivelyconnecting either the close relay Cl or the trip relay T! to asubstation battery, depending upon whether a positive or a negativecontrol pulse is sent subsequent to "completion of the point selectioncode.

'At the substation, manual indication control relays,representedgenerally by the numeral 3!, may be provided for indicatingat the dispatching ofiice a change in breaker position in .re-

'sponse to the transmission of a control code/from a dispatching office.These control relays may, for example, comprise a trip indication relayTR and a close indication relay CR, which may be disposed 'toselectively connect the line conductors l3 and, M to negative andpositive, respectively, and vice versa. A trip free indication relay 10may beprovided for setting up an energizing circuit for the lineconductors so as to obtain a green light indication at the dispatchingoffice in the event of a trip-free operation when a breaker is closed ona fault.

At'the dispatching office. as shown in Fig. lb, indication receivingrelays P' and N may be pro- 'vided,'w hich may be selectively'responsiveto the applicationof positive and negative potentials to the conductor13, respectively. These relays may be connected so as to either energizeor shunt down the respective position indicating relays, represented bythe relay 45, depending on which circuit breaker is being controlled,and thereby icontrol the energization of the associated lamps R, W,andG.

At the substation, the automatic indication equipment, designatedgenerally by'the numeral '33, may-com rise-a pair of automatic start,relays H and H! which may operate in response to the change in positionof 'one of "a plurality of breaker position indicating relays Gl throughG29, represented in Fig. 20 by the relays G! G8 and G! 6, to effectenergization of a pair of driving relays 59 and 6B for operating astepping :reiay SR, having an arm 62 disposed to sequentially engage aplurality of stationary contacts 0,-and a, b, etc. through if.Thestepping relay :SRmay be disposed'to controlthe energization ofanautomatic indication control relay'l53 in successive .positions foreach-of the circuit breakersat the remote substation, depending onwhether the auxiliary switch a of the breaker is open or closed.

A the arm 62 engages the diiferent contact members, such as the contactmember a, associated with breaker 1, and'the contact member h associatedwith the breaker #8, the driving relay 59 applies positive polarity tothe conductor l4 each time it operates to step the relay SR. Acorresponding stepping relay SRD may be provided at the dispatchingoffice which will be energized each time the relay SR at the substationoperates. Accordingly, the two stepping relays operate in synchronism,and the stepping relay SRD at the dispatching office is enabled toeither pick up or shunt down the position indicating relays of thedifferent points at the dispatching oifice such as, for example, relay45, depending on whether the relay 10 at the remote substation isenergized or not. An automatic sending control relay 64 is energizedthrough the arm s2 in its normal position to deenergize the drivingrelays.

At the dispatching oflice a line supervision relay LR may be connectedin series circuit relation with the line conductors l3 and I4 foroperation in response to the application of a positive potential to theline conductor I3 from the substation by the control relay 64, through acurrent limiting resistor 65. A rectifier device 01 may be connected incircuit relation with the line relay LR so as to effectively connect theline relay in the circuit with the indicating receiving relay P andprovide a by-pass for the relay N. A line supervision control relay LAof the delayed dropout type may be provided in conjunction with the linesupervision relay LR for controlling the energizing of a linesupervision lamp 69. A bell I may be provided in conjunction with analarm relay AL for indicating an automatic operation, and a lamp relayLC may be provided for controlling the energization of all of theindicating lights at the dispatching office.

In the event that the stepping relay SRD at the dispatching oificeshould fail to return to its initial or normal position on contact 0,reset may be effected by means of a pair of reset stepping relays I2 and73 which may be controlled by a receiving control relay RC which isdisposed to be energized when the stepping relay SRD returns to itsnormal position as shown.

- At the substation the master check equipment 40 may comprise a mastercheck relay Z for initiating operation of the stepping relay SR at theremote substation to check the position of all the breakers in responseto the receipt of a check code.

With the equipment at rest, the dispatching oflice relays LR, LA, LC andRC will be in the energized position as well as any position indicatingrelay of a circuit breaker which may be closed. At the substation thecontrol set-up relay X and the automatic sending control relay 64 willbe energized, as well as any of the breaker position indicating relaysGI, etc., of a circuit breaker which may be closed.

Referring to Figs. 1b and 21), it will be seen that the line conductorI3 is connected to the positive terminal of the substation batterythrough conductor 15, so that an energizing circuit is provided for theline supervision relay LR at the dispatching oflice. This circuitextends from positive through conductors I5, I3 and i6, operatingwinding of line relay LR, resistor TI, conductor 18, armature d oftransmitting relay F2, armature d of transmitting relay Fl, conductorsand 82, rectifier device 83, operating winding of the receiving relay P,conductor 84, line conductor I4, conductor 86, back contact and armaturea of the trip-free indicating relay IC, back contact and armature a ofthe manual indication control relay CR, armature a and back contact ofthe manual indication control relay TR, conductor 87, back contact andarmature c of the driving relay 59, conductor 9|, front contact andarmature b of the automatic sending control relay 64, conductor 92, theoperative winding of the receiving relay P, rectifier device 46 andresistor 65 to negative.

In the event of a fault on the line conductors, the line relay LR willdrop, interrupting the energizing circuit for the line supervisioncontrol relay LR at armature a of the line supervision relay LR, therebyproviding obvious energizing circuits for the line supervision lamp 69and the alarm 10, through armatures b and c of the line supervisioncontrol relay LA. The alarm '10 may be cut out by opening an alarmswitch 93.

Should the operator desire to close the circuit breaker associated withcontrol point #1, at the remote substation, he turns the circuit breakercontrol key CKI to the close position as shown. This moves armatures aand b from the outer to the inner contacts, providing an energizingcircuit for the white disagreement lamp W extending from negativethrough the lamp W, armature b and the inner contact of CKI, throughback contact and armature b of the position indicating relay 45,conductors 94 and 95 and front contact and armature a of the master lamprelay LC to positive. Operation of the control key CKI also sets up acontrol circuit, which will be traced at a later point, for sending theclose operating code when the breaker point has been se lected.

The spring return point selection key KI associated with breaker #1 isthen operated and held in the operated position. A circuit is therebyprovided for the driving impulse relay SS, extending from negativethrough the operating winding of the relay SS, armature a and frontcontact of the receiving control relay RC, conductor 91, back contactand armature a of the transmitting relay Fl, armature a and back contactof the transmitting relay F2, conductors 99 and I00 and contact memberI) of the point selection key KI to positive. At the same time, anoperating circuit is provided for the sending and receiving transferrelay 0, extending from negative through the operating winding of therelay, armature c and back contact of the receiving relay N, conductorI02, to conductor I00 and contact member b of the point selection switchKl to positive.

At the same time, an operating circuit is provided for the sending andreceiving transfer relay 0, extending from negative through theoperating winding of the relay, armature c and back contact of thereceiving relay N, conductor I02, to conductor I00 and contact member I)of the point selection switch KI to positive.

The sending and receiving transfer relay 0 operates to interrupt theenergizing circuit of the stepping relay SRD at armature b, so as toprepare for manual control indication, and energizes the reset controlrelay D through armature a. The relay D shunts the rectifier device 6?at armature c to connect the relays P and N for receiving an operationindication. The driving impulse relay SS energizes the first relay ofthe counting chain, namely, relay SI, through a circuit extending fromnegative through the operating winding of counting relay SI, conductorI03, back contact and armature b'of'sequence relay 4 I, back contact andarmature b of sequence relay 42, back contact and armature c of sequencerelay i3, conductor we, armature b and front contact of relay SS,conductors I06 and I00, and contact'member, b of'pointselection switchKI to positive. I

The operation of counting relay SI energizes the transmitting relay FI'over an energizing circuit extending from positive through arma ture cand back contact of Sfiqi ence relay ll, armature a and front. contactof counting relay SI, conductors, ms and ill contact member do of pointselection switch KI, conductors 1 12am II3', operating winding oftransmitting relay Fl, conductor II and front contact and armature a ofthe driving impulse relay SS to negative. Relay Fl operates to. connectpositive battery potential to line conductor lfl through armature c andnegative battery potential to line conductor lsth'rough armature b.

When the transmitting relay Fl operates, it also opens the circuit ofthe driving'impulse relay SS at armaturea. Deenergization ofrelay SJSinterruptsthe energizing circuit of the trans mitting relay Flt tarmature c} of the relay SS, thus removing potential'fr'orn the linecon- (iuct ors,-

Eeenergization of the driving impulse relay SS also'remo ves a shuntcircuit from around the sequence relay al which thereupon picks up inseries circuit relation with the counting relay Sl. This circuit extendsfrom negative through the operating winding of the counting relay Sl,armature c and front contact of countin r lay Si cond o it op ating windn of sequence relay 4|, back contact and armature c of. sequence relay42, conductors I2l and I00, and contact member I) of point selectionswitch KI to. positive The ori inal energizin c rc it for the. countingrelay SI will; beinterrupted by the-opening ofarmatureb of the sequencerelay 4! from its back contact.v

When the; transmittmg relay Fl releases, it again: completes .anenergizing circuit for the driying impulse relay S5 at armature a.Energizati'on of the .relay SS nowcompletesan energizingcircuit for thesecond of the counting relays S2. Thiscircuitextends from negativethrough the operating winding of vrelay $2, conductor I23, front;contact and armature b of relay S11, conductor I 24,v front contact andarmature b of sequence relay ll, back contact and armature b of sequencerelay 42, back contact and armature c of sequence relay A3, conductorlad, armature b and frontcont'act of the driving impulse relay Siconductorslilii and ace, and contact" member b of the point selectionkey Kl-to positive.

Operation of counting relay completes a circuit for energizing thetransmitting relay FI, extending'frompositive through armature d andback contact of sequence relay e2; armature a and front contact ofcounting relay S2, conductors I E-land I23, contact memberve of pointselectionkey KI and conductor H2 over the circuit previously traced inconnection. with the initial energization of relay .FI.

Operation of the transmitting relay FYI again applies positive batterypotential to line conductor Is andnegative battery potential to lineconductor l3. Operation of the transmitting relay FI also againinterruptsthe'energizingcirl2 l and i 00, and contact member b of thepoint":

selection'key Kl' to positive. Operation ofsequence relay t2 interruptsthe energizing circuitfor the series arrangement of relays SI and M. Anenergizing circuit is now provided for the third of the counting relaysS3, extending from negative through the operating winding of thecounting relay S3, conductor I3I, front contact and armature bofcounting'relay S2, conductor i315, front contact and armature b ofsequence relay 5 2, back contact and armature c of sequence relay at;and conductor I04 through armature b and front contact of the drivingimpulse relay $S; over the circuit previously traced. Counting relaycompletes an energizing circuit for the transmitting relay Fl, frompositive through armature e of sequence relay 43, armature a and frontcontact of counting relay 53, conductors I35 and I36, contact member fof the point selection key Kl, conductor '2 and the transmitting relayFl over the same circuit" as hereinbefore described;

Operation of th ransmitting r lay F a a n interrupts the energizingcircuit for the driving impulse relay SS; so that the sequence re1ay'43picks upin series circuit relation with the counting relay S3 througharmature c and its front contact and armature d and the back contact ofq en lay p ation of sequence re ay t3 interrupts the energizing circuitfor relays S23 and A2 at armature d of relay 43.

When the driving impulse relay SS is deenergized, it interrupts theenergizing circuit for the transmitting relay Fl. An energizing circuit"is. thereupon provided'for the fourth of the counting chain relays SA;extending from negative through theioperating winding of the relay S4,conductor ljt ll front contact and armature b of the counting relay S3,conductor I4I, front contact and armature c of sequence relay 43 andconductor I04 througharmature band front contact of the 1mpulsedriving'relay'SS to positive at 'contactmember b ofpointselection keyKI.

Operation of counting relay S4, provides an energizing circuit for thetransmitting relay F2. extending from negative through armature a andfront contact of the relay .SS, conductor Ilill, operating winding oftransmitting relay E2; c01 ductors M3, It' l and L45; contact member'yof point selection flke'y'KI', conductor I41, front Q011- tact andarmature a' of counting relay "S4, concluctor I88; and" back contactand. armaturecfof sequence relay 4| to positive.

When relay F2 operates it applies positive battery potential tolineiconductor I3 through arn'ia ture b, and negative battery potentialto line conductor I lvthrough armaturefc. Transmitting relay F2 alsointerruptsthe energizingcircuitfor the driving impulse relay SS atarmature a; Re lay *SS deenergizes and interrupts the energizing.circuit for the transmitting relayIZ at its own armature a.

Deenergizationof the impulse driving relay SS again removesa shuntfromaround vthe'sec'ulence relay ll which is now energized in seriescircuit relation with the counting relay S4, through armature c andfront contact of relay S4, conductors I5I and I20, operating winding 4|and armature c of sequence relay 42, to positive at contact member I) ofpoint selection key KI.

When the transmitting relay F2 deenergizes, it again completes anenergizing circuit for the impulse driving relay SS, which operates tocomplete an energizing circuit for the fifth of the counting relays S5.This circuit extends from negative through the operating winding ofrelay S5, front contact and armature b of relay S4, conductors I53 andI24, and front contact and armature b of sequence relay M to positivethrough contact member b of the point selection key'KI as describedoriginally for counting relay S2.

Counting relay S5 completes a circuit for transmitting relay F2 througharmature a and front contact of the counting relay, conductor I56,contact member h of point selection key KI, and conductor I45 totransmitting relay F2, as hereinbefore described. Again, operation ofrelay F2 interrupts the energizing circuit for the driving relay SS andsequence relay 42 picks up in series circuit relation with the countingrelay S5 through armature c and front contact of the counting relay,interrupting the circuit of relays S4 and M at armature 0.

"Relay SS is again energized when the transmitting relay F2 deenergizes,and completes an energizing circuit for the last of the counting relaysSt, extending from negative through the operating winding of relay S6,front contact and armature b of relay S5, conductors I59 and I33, andthrough front contact and armature b of the sequence relay 42 over thesame circuit traced for'the counting relay S3.

' Operation of counting relay S6 completes an energizing circuit for thetransmitting relay F2, extending from positive through armature e andback contact of sequence relay 43, conductors IBI and IE2, armature band front contact of relay S6, conductors I53 and I64 through contactmember z of the point selection key KI to the operating winding of thetransmitting relay through conductor I45 and the circuit as previouslytraced.

' Operation of transmitting relay F2 again applies positive batterypotential to line conductor I3 and negative battery potential to lineconducto'r I4. Operation of the transmitting relay F2 again" deenergizesthe driving impulse relay SS' and provides for energizing the sequencerelay 43 in series circuit relation with the counting relay S5 throughcontact member of relay S6. The circuit for relays S and 42 isinterrupted at armature d of relay 43.

Energization of sequence relay 43 interrupts the energizing circuit ofthe control code relay Y, which is of the long-delayed dropout type andprovides for sending a control code impulse after a" predetermined time,the polarity of which is determined by the operating position of thecontrol code twist key CKI.

It will be obvious'from an examination of Figs. 1b and that if the pointselection key K8 were depressed instead of key KI, selection codecircuits would be set up for operating the signal transmitting relays FIand F2 in the following pattern: Fl, F2, F2, FI, FI, F2. If key KIG weredepressed,,the pattern would be F2, Fl, F2, FI, F2, Fl. For the mastercheck key at point ZIJ, the pattern is F2, FI, FI, FI, F2, F2.

Referring to Figs. 2b and 2c, it will be recalled that on the initialoperation of the transmitting relay FI, line conductor I3 was connectedto the negative battery terminal while line conductor I4 was connectedto the positive battery terminal.

Accordingly, an energizing circuit was provided for the receiving relayP, extending from line conductor I4 through conductor 86, back contactand armature a of the trip-free indicating relay IC, back contact andarmature a of the manual indication control relay CR, armature a andback contact of the manual indication control relay TR, conductor 81,back contact and armature c of the driving relay 59, conductor 9|, frontcontact and armature b of the automatic sending control relay 64,conductor 92, operating winding of the receiving relay P, rectifierdevice 46, conductor I68 and rectifier device I69 to line conductor I3.Receiving relay P operates and provides an energizing circuit for theundercount release relay '1 through armature c and its front contact.Relay '1' provides an obvious energizing circuit for the line transferrelay 56 through armature a and its front contact, so that the linetransfer relay operates to disconnect the substation battery from theline conductors.

As the same time the operation of receiving relay P provides anenergizing circuit for the first of the positive counting relays IFI,extending from negative through the operating winding of relay IFI, backcontact and armature d of sequence relay 50, conductor I10, frontcontact and armature b of relay P, armature a and back contact of theovercount release relay R, armature c and front contact of theundercount release relay T, and back contact and armature c of thereceiving relay N to positive.

Upon the termination of the first impulse, receiving relay Pdeenergizes, and the lower operating winding B of the sequence relay 58-will thereupon be energized in series circuit relation with theoperating winding of the counting relay IFI, through a circuit extendingfrom negative through the operating winding of the relay IFI, armature bthereof and its front contact, the lower operating winding B of relay50, conductor III to armature a of the overcount release relay R and topositive through the same circuit previously traced for the relay IFI.

Upon the second operation of the transmitting relay FI, the receivingrelay P is again energized over the same circuit and completes anenergizing circuit for the second of the positive counting relays 2FI,through a circuit extending from negative through the operating windingof the relay 2FI, conductor I13, armature c and front contact ofsequence relay 5D, conductor I15, back contact and armature d ofsequence relay 5I and conductor I10 to battery positive over the samecircuit traced for relay IFI.

When the receiving relay P drops at the termination of the secondimpulse, the lower operating winding B of the sequence relay 5| will beenergized in series circuit relation with the operating winding of thecounting relay 2FI, over a circuit extending through armature d and itsfront contact and conductor III to positive.

The third operation of transmitting relay FI results in a thirdoperation of the receiving relay P, thus completing an energizingcircuit for the third positive counting relay 3FI, through armature cand front contact of sequence relay 5 I, and back contact and armature dof sequence relay 52. Upon termination of the third pulse, the receivingrelay P deenergizes and sequence relay 52 operates, its lower operatingwinding B being connected in series circuit relation with 13 theoperating winding of positive counting relay 3F-l, through armature cand front contact of relay 3Fl to conductor I'll and battery positive.

The fourth impulse being of reverse polarity, receiving relay N will beenergized over a circuit extending from conductor l3, through con ductorl5, armature a and front contact of line transfer relay 55, conductorH58, rectifier device 41, operating winding of relay N, conductor92,armature b and front contact of relay 64, conductor 94, armature c andback contact of relay 59, conductor 81, back contact and armature a ofrelay TR, armature a and back contact of relay CR, armature a and backcontact of relay IC and conductor 86 to line conductor Hi. Thisprovides'an energizing circuit for the fourth one of the negativecounting relays, relay 4E2, since operation of the sequence relays 59,5| and 52 interrupts the energizing circuit for the negative countingrelays IF2, 2F2 and 3P2, at armature b of relay 50, armature b of relay5! and armature b of relay 52, respectively.

The energizing circuit for delay tFE extends from negative through theoperating winding of relay 4P2, conductor 11%, front contact andarmature a of sequence relay 52, armature b and back contact of sequencerelay 53, conductor l'lt, front contact and armature d of receivingrelay N, conductor [8%, armature a and back contact of the overcountrelease relay R, armature c and front contact of the undercount releaserelay T, and back contact and armature c of the receiving relay P Upontermination of the fourth impulse, sequence relay 53 is energized inseries circuit relation With the negative counting relay 4P2 through acircuit extending over armature b, the upper operating winding A ofrelay 53 and conductor l'll to battery positive over the same circuitpreviously traced for relays 52 and tFl.

Th following operation of transmitting relay F2 again energizes thetransmitting relay N, and an energizing circuit is completed for thefifth one of the negative counting release relays 5E2. This circuit maybe traced from the relay 5E2 through front contact and armature a of thesequence relay 53, and armature b and back contact of the sequence relayat to conductor H9 and thence to battery positive.

Upon termination of the fifth impulse, the receiving relay ,Ndeenergizes, and sequence relay 54. picks up, the upper operatingwinding A being connected in series circuit relation with theopcrating-winding of the counting relay 5P2 through armature d and frontcontact of the relay 5%, theupper operating winding A of the sequencerelay 54 to conductor ill and battery positive.

The final operation of the transmitting relay F2 again results inenergization of the receiving relay N, which this time provides anenergizing circuit for the sixth of the negative counting relays BFZ,extending through front contact and armatur a of the sequence relay 5t,and armature d and back contact of the sequence relay 55 to positiveover the circuit previously traced for relay 5P2.

Upon deenergization of receiving relay N, sequence relay 55 operates,its upper operating winding A being connected in series circuit relationwith the operating winding of the counting relay 6P2 through armature clof the counting relay (SP2 and front contact to conductor ill and thenceto positiv battery. Operation of sequence relay 155 interrupts theenergizing circuit of the controlset-up relay X at armature a. An ener-14 gizing circuit for the overcountreleaserelay RE is set up througharmature b the sequence relay 55, and front contact and armature b ofrelay X to front contact and armature b of relay N. An energizingcircuit is also provided for the undercount release relay T througharmature c and front contact of relay and front contact and armature aof relay X to prevent the relay T from releasing the super visorycontrol equipment.

At the dispatching office the control code control relay Y deenergizesafter a predetermined time delay and completes an energizing circuit forthe transmitting relay Fl, extending from negative through armature a ofthe driving impulse relay SS, conductor ll l, operating Winding of relayFl, conductors H3, l l2 and I83, inner-contact and armature a of thetwist control key CKI, conductor Hi5, contact member a of the pointselection key Kl, conductor ltl, frontcontact and armature a of th-counting relay S43, conductor 588, front contact and armature fofsequence relay e3, conductor i951 and armature c and back contact of thecontrol codecontrolrelay Y, to battery positive. Transmitting relay Floperates to connect the line conductors l3 and It to the dispatchingofiice battery and transmit a positive impulse for closing the circuitbreaker #1.

At the remote substation, receiving relay P operates in response to thepositive impulse and provides an energizing circuit for the auxiliaryreceiving relay PX, extending from negative through the operatingwinding of relay PX, condoctor [93, front contact and armaturea of relayP, conductor use, and armature c and back contact of control set-uprelay X to battery positive.

Prior to operation of relay P, however, an operating circuit was set upfor either the close or trip interposing relays Cl and T! of breaker #1,through a circuit extending from positive through armature a and frontcontact of counting relay lFl, armature c and front contact of countingrelay 2Fl, armature b and front contact of counting relay EFL armature aand front contact of counting relay 4P2, armature c and front contact ofcounting relay EFZ, and armature c and front contact of counting relay5F? to the interposing relays.

Operation of relay PX connects negative battery to the close interposingrelay Cl, through a circuit extending from negative through armature aof relay PX and front contact, conductors I and we to theoperatingwind-ingof relay Cl. Relay Cl operates and connects the closingcoil C0! of the breaker #1 to the substation battery.

Operation of close relay Ci prcvidesan energizing circuit for the manualcontrol indication relay CR, extending from negative through theoperating winding of the relay CR, conductor till, front contact andarmature b of the breaker position indicating relay GI, and frontcontact and armature a of the relay Cl. Operation of the automaticindication relays is prevented by interrupting the energizing circuittherefor at the back contact of armature a of relay Cl. Operation ofrelay CR connects positive battery to line conductor l3 through armaturec and its front contact, conductor zet, front contact and armature d ofline transfer relay 5%, conductor Zill, back contact and armature e ofthe receiving relay P and conductor I68 and rectifier device I69 toconductor l3.

The trip-free indication relay 1C is energized in parallel circuitrelation with the relay CR and front contact of through its own armaturec and its make-beforebreak contacts, and sets up an energizing circuitfor connecting the line conductors l3 and M to negative and positivethrough armatures a and b, respectively. In the event that the breakertrips free, relay CR will be deenergized at armature b of relay GI, andwill complete the energizing circuit for the line conductors througharmatures a and b and their back contacts. Receiving relay N willtherefore be energized to shunt down the position indicating relay 5'!over a circuit through conductor 2133, contact 0 of Kl, conductor 204,conductor 205, armature b of relay Y, conductor 206, armature a of relay43, conductor 2B1, armature a and back contact of relay P, armature dand front contact of relay N and armature d and front contact of relay 0to negative. Relay Cl lights the green lamp G and indicates the openbreaker, even though the automatic equipment may be blocked by thebreaker interposing relay GI At the dispatching ofilce the receivingrelay P' will be energized through a circuit extending from conductor 13through armature c and front contact of the reset control relay D,conductor 78, back contact and armature d of relay F2, armature d andback contact of relay Fl, conductors 80 and 82, rectifier device 83,operating winding of relay P and conductor 84, back to the substationthrough line conductor 94.

Operation of receiving relay P completes an energizing circuit for theposition indicating relay at point I, extending from negative throughthe operating winding of relay 45, conductor 203, contact member 0 ofpoint selection key Kl, conductors 2G4 and 255, armature b and backcontact of the control code control relay Y, conductor 296, armature aand front contact of sequence relay 43, conductor 201, armature a andfront contact of receiving relay P to battery positive. Relay 45 picksup and provides a holding circuit for itself through armature a and itsfront contact.

The white disagreement lamp W is extinguished by interruption of thecircuit at armature b, and an energizing circuit is provided for the redlamp R from negative through the lamp R through front contact andarmature b of the position indicating relay 45 through conductor 94 andconductor 95 and front contact and armature a of the master lam relayLC.

Should the breaker #1 at the remote substation trip, due to operation ofits protective relay, the breaker position indicating relay G! will bedeenergized. A momentary energizing circuit will thereupon be providedfor the automatic start relay H, extending from negative through theoperating winding of the relay H, conductor 209, armature c and itsmake-before-break contact of relay GI, back contact and armature a ofthe trip interposing relay TI, and back contact and armature a of theclose interposing relay Cl. Auxiliary start relay HI will be energizedin parallel with relay H through conductor 2), back contact and armatureb of relay T, and armature c and front contact of the automatic sendingcontrol relay G l. Relay HI provides a holding circuit for itself andrelay H through armature b and its front contact. Relay H alsoestablishes an energizing circuit for the drive relay 59 through frontcontact and armature a.

Operation of the drive relay 59 energizes the drive relay 60 througharmature d and front contact, and deenergizes the automatic sendingcontrol relay 64 at armature 0. Drive relays 59 and 60 thereupon proceedto operate sequentially, interrupting each others energizing circuits,and relay H is deenergized at armature c of relay 64. Each time therelay 59 operates, it completes an obvious energizing circuit for thestepping relay SR at armature e and its front contact. Each operation ofthe relay SR moves the arm 62 from one contact to another in acounterclockwise direction. When the arm 62 energizes contact a, therelay H! is shunted down.

When the stepping relay SR is energized a second time, the arm 62energizes contact 22, and sets up an energizing circuit for theautomatic indication control relay 63. Since the breaker #1 has opened,the breaker position indicating relay GI will be in the deenergizedposition and hence the energizing circuit for the automatic indicationcontrol relay 63 will be interrupted at armature a of relay GI.Accordingly, the control relay 63 will not be operated to apply batterypotential to the line conductors l3 and I4.

Each time the drive relay 59 is energized to step the stepping relay SR,positive battery potential will be applied to line conductor 14 toenergize the receiving relay N '2 at the dispatching ofhce. Operation ofthe receiving relay N'2 completes an energizing circuit for theoperating winding of stepping relay SRD at the dispatching office. Thiscircuit extends from negative to the operating winding of the relay SRDthrough conductor 2! l, front contact and armature b of the receivingrelay N'2, and back contact and armature b of the sending and receivingtransfer relay 0. Accordingly, the stepping relay SRD will step insynchronism with the stepping relay SR at the remote substation.

Since the automatic indication control relay 63 at the remote substationwas not operated when the arm 62 energized contact member b, nopotential will be applied to the line conductors, and both of thereceiving relays P! and N '2 will be deenergized when arm 62 of thestepping relay SRD is on the corresponding contact b at the dispatchingoffice. Accordingly, negative potential is applied to the operatingwinding of the position indicating relay 45 through a circuit extendingfrom negative through the operating winding, through conductor 253,conductor 2|2, contact member 1), arm 62, conductors H3 and 201, ofreceiving relay P'l, armature d and back contact of receiving relay N,and back contact and armature d of sending and receiving transfer relay0. The position indicating relay 45 drops and completes an energizingcircuit for the white disagreement lamp W and the green lamp G througharmature b and its back contact, indicating that the breaker is open.

Relays 59 and 60 at the remote substation continue to operate and stepboth of the stepping relays SR and SRD. In the different positions ofthe relay SR in which an associated circuit breaker may be closed, thesubstation automatic indicating control relay 63 will be energized, andthe line conductors will be connected to the substation battery so as toeffect energization of the dispatching office receiving relay P. At thedispatching office the energization of the receiving relay P completesan energizing circuit for the position indicating relay connected to theparticular contact point of the stepping relay SRD.

When the substation stepping relay SR reaches the initial position oncontact member 0, an energizing circuit is provided for the automaticarmature a and back contact sense sending control relay B4 through'jthecsntaet arm 62 and armature ca'nd back'contact of the drive relay 59.Relay 64 interrupts the energiaing circuit for relay 60 at armature dand stops the impulsing. Energiz'ation of relay 64 also reconnects theline conductors '13 and M to the sub-'- station battery through maturesb and c, to restore the signal line upervision circuit.

At the dispatching omcethe receivmg control relay RC will be energizedwhen "the stepping relay SRD returns to the initial or Opo's'ition. Thereset control relay D deenerg ze's'a relatively short time after thereceivingrelay N returns to the deene'rgized position, since theenergizing circuit therefor is interruptedat armaturejii.

In the event that the stepping relay SRD at the dispatching oflice doesnotend up in the initial position 0, relay RCw'll remain decidergized.Accordingly, an'energizm' circuitis pro vided for the reset steppingrelay'l'2 through armature a of the reset "stepping "relay 13,, packcontact and armature 'a'o'f relay D,"anture b and back contact f "thereceiving control relay RC. Relay 12 picks up and eompitesan energizingcircuit for theoperating'wirldiiig of the reset stepping relay "I3througherrnature a and its front contact, armature a and 'backcontact ofrelay RC, and back contact and armature b of the receiving'control'relay D, 'thii's stepping the relay SRD one point.

Relay 73 interrupts the energizing "circuit of relay 12 at armature a.The energizaticn of re lay i3 restores the energizing circuit fforr'elay12 at armature a of relay 13,1 sothat the relays l2 and 13 progressivelysteptherelay SRD' until it reaches the initial or '0 position, whereuponthe receiving control relay A will 'be energized to restore theequipment to normal. v

In the event the operator should desire to make a check of the operatingposition of'the different breakers, he may depress a master check pointselection key K at the disp'atchin'goffice, which sets' up codeselection circuits for selectively operating the transmitting rel'ays F1and F2 in the rouowmg'pattern; F2, F1, Fl, Fl, F2, F2. This operates'the counting relays at the remote substation to set upfan operatingcircuit for the master check relay Z through armature a of relay IFZ,armature b of relay '2Fl, armature a of relay SFI,

h armature c of relaysFl, armature b of relay SFZ and armature b ofrelay 6P2. Relay Z provides "an operating circuit for the automaticstart relay H through armature a, and each breaker position is thenchecked, as for an automatic operation.

Instead of utilizing apparatus such as described schematically in Figs.1a and 2a of the drawings, wherein the signals transmitted comprisepulses of opposite polarities, apparatus may be utilized as shown inFigs. 1d and 2d wherein signal transmitting equipment It at thedisplatching office may be disposed to produce'signals of two'dilierentfrequencies, which maybe, f or'example, 'au'dio frequencies. The signalreceiving equipment 22 at the remote substation may bem'ade selectivelyresponsive to the different frequencies transmitted.

The impulse counting equipment 23 at the substation may be selectivelyresponsive to operation of the signal receiving equipment 22'substantially as in the system of Figs. la and 2a. The number ofimpulses transmitted may 'b'e'checked by code check and resetequipment-25 to determine whether the correct number'oi selectionimpulseshas been'sent bef'ore the operatec'ode 18 is transmitted. Theimpulse counting equipment 23 may operate to set up control circuits forthe different interposing relays 21 of the circuit breakers 15 inexactly the same manner as in the system of Figs. la and 2a. Operationof the signal transmitting equipment it at the dispatching ofiice may becontrolled by means of selection code circuits is and impulse countingequipment i8 identical with those of the system of Figs. la and 2a. I

Automatic'operation of any of the breakers 55 may be indicated in thesame manner as described in the system of Figsla and 2-11 by utilizingthe breaker position indicating equipment 38 to control operation ofautomatic indication equipment 38 to step automatic indication equipment3'9 at the dispatching office and control the operation of the positionindication equipment '35 and the energization of'theindication lamps 36.

Master check equipment it may also be provided at the remote substationas in the system of Figs. la-and 2a, for effecting operation of theautomatic indicationequipment 33 to c-heck'the breaker positionindication equipment and lamps atthe dispatching-ofiicein response tothe tran mission of a mastercheok-code from a dispatchmgorfice.

Referring to Figs. 1a ane;1,;wmch together area diagrammatic view of thesupervisory contr'ol equipment at the .dispatching otlice in theschematic arrangement of .Fig. 1d; it will be" seen that thetransmitting relaysFl and F2, instead of changing the polarity of theline conductors l3 and Id as in the system of Figs 1 b,- 1c and-2b, 20,may be disposed to key oscillators Oi and 02 which may in this in'stancebe coupled-to the line'conductors through a transformer for applyingimpulses of diiier'entirequenciesto the line conductors. I

The remainder of the equipment at the dis patching ofiicesubstantiallyiidentical with that shown in Fig. lb, the equipment ofFig. 10 being, of course, common to the dispatching ofiices oi the twosystems. Accordingly, corresponding relays, conductors andother elementsof the systems bear identical designations to those of the system ofFig. lb.

Substantially the only circuit difference between the two systems, otherthan the use of difierent frequencies instead of-difierent polarities,lies in the use of armatures a and a" of the driving impulse relay SSfor controlling the operation of the transmitting relaysF-l and F2, inplace of the single armature a of Figrlb. This is because the drivingimpulseTrelay SS is not used in the present system to terminatethe-control code impulse, as was the casein the system described inconnection with'Fig. lb, wherein the control code impulse was Jtimedbythe relay SS, so as not toiiitei'fere W'ith'the indication signalreturned rrorn'the substation.

The receiving relays P" and'N" -may' be connected to-the line conductorsIla-and. it directly, for 're'spionse't'o impulses or differentpolarities received from the remote substation, since these relays'arenot'd'ispos'ed to respond to the ire quency signals produced' b'y thetransmitters Ci and 02. I

At the remote s'tibs'tation'receiving relays RRi and R'RZ, instead ofbeing connected directly to the linec'onductors l3and M as were therelays Pan'd N of Fig. 212, may, be connected thereto throughrec'eive'rsR I and'Rt maybe selectively responsive to the diiierent ireu es uuvitransmitted by the oscillators OI and 02. The receiving relays RBI andRR2 may be utilized in substantially the same manner as described inconnection with Fig. 2b for selectively operating the counting relays 23for selectively setting up control circuits for selecting the differentbreaker points.

The code selection signal will be checked by the overcount release relayRE and the undercount release relay T in exactly the same manner ashereinbefore described, and upon termination of a predetermined time thecontrol code control relay Y at the dispatching office deenergizes tocomplete an energizing circuit for either the transmitting relay Fl orthe transmitting relay F2, depending on whether the control twist keyCKl has been operated to the close position as shown or to the tripposition. With the twist key CKl in the close position as shown, anenergizing circuit will be set up for the transmitting relay Fl, thesame as traced hereinbefore in connection with the system of Figs. lband 10.

Line supervision is obtained by normally connecting the line conductorsl3 and I4 to the substation battery through armatures b and c of theline transfer relay 56, armatures a and b and front contacts ofautomatic sending control relay 64. This energizes receiving relay P atthe dispatching oflice and provides an obvious energizing circuit forthe line supervision control relay LR, which is of the delayed dropouttype, and holds up between code impulses. When it drops, it lights thelamp 69 and sounds the alarm 10 as described in connection with thesystem of Figs. 1b, 10.

Should the operator desire to select the #1 breaker at the remotesubstation, he depresses the point selection key Kl, and the countingchain relays l8 and sequence relays 4|, 42 and 43 operate sequentiallyin the same manner as described in connection with the system of Figs.1b and 10 to operate the transmitting relay Fl three times, and then thetransmitting relay F2 three times. At the remote substation the receiverRI energizes the receiving relay RRI each time the oscillator OItransmits an impulse signal of its particular frequency.

The receiving relay RRl sequentially effects operation of the countingrelays lFl, 2Fl and 3Fl and their associated sequence relays 58, l and52 in substantially the same manner as hereinbefore described inconnection with the all direct current system of Figs. 1b, 1c and 2b,20. Subsequently, the receiver R2 operates the receiving relay RRZ threetimes, one for each of the impulses of frequency transmitted by theoscillator 02. The receiving relay RRZ effects sequential operation ofthe counting relays 4F2, 5F2, and GM and their associated sequencerelays 53, 54 and 55 in the same manner as described hereinbefore inconnection with the operation of the direct current system.

The counting relays IFI, 2Fl, 3Fl, 4P2, 5F2 and 6F2 set up an energizingcircuit for the interposing relays Cl and Tl of breaker #1 through acircuit extending from positive through armature a of relay lFl,armature c of relay 2Fl, armature b of relay 3Fl, armature a of relay4F2, armature c of relay 5F2, and armature c of relay 6F2. This circuitis completed by operation of the receiving relay RBI in response to thecontrol code impulse transmitted when the control code control relay Ydeenergizes at the end of the point selection code sequence to completean energizing circuit for the transmitting relay F through a circuitwhich may be traced from negativethrough the operating winding of relayFl, conductor 245, conductor l83, inner contact and armature a of thecontrol key CKl, conductor I85, contact member a of the point selectionkey Kl, conductor I81, armature a and front contact of counting relaySt, conductor I88, front contact and armature j of sequence relay 43,conductorlllll and armature c, and back contact of relay Yto positive.The control code frequency Fl remains on the line conductors so long asthe key Kl is depressed.

The relay RRI at the substation operates in response to receipt of thecontrolcode frequency Fl and connects the interposing relay Cl topositive over the previously described circuit set up by the countingrelays, and over through conductors I96 and I, front contact andarmature a ofthe receiving relay RBI and armature e and back contact ofthe control set-up relay X to negative. Relay Cl operates and providesan obvious energizing circuit for the circuit breakerclosing coil CClthrough armature b.

When the breaker closes, the manual control indication relay CR. will beenergized through front contact and armature b of the breaker positionindicating relay Gl. This connects the line conductors l3 and l4 to thesubstation battery through armatures b and, a of relay CR, for effectingoperation ofthev receiving relay P at the dispatching ofiice.

Operation of relay P provides an energizing circuit for the breakerposition. indicating relay 45 over a circuit extending from negativethrough the operating winding of the relay 45, conductor 203, contactmember 0 of the point selection key Kl, conductors 204 and 205, armatureb and back contact of the relay Y, conductor 2%, armature a and frontcontact of sequence relay 43, conductor .201, armature c and frontcontact of the receiving relay P to battery positive.

The position indicating relay 45 picks up and completes an energizingcircuit for the red indicating lamp B through armature b and its frontcontact. At the same time the circuits for the green lamp G and thewhite disagreement lamp W are interrupted atthe back contact of armatureb. r 7

An. automatic operation 'at the remote substation results insubstantially the same sequence of operation as described in connectionwith the system of Figs. 2b and 2c,.in that the stepping relay SR isautomatically started, and steps the dispatching ofiice stepping relaySRD in synchronism therewith to operate the drive relays 59 and 6D.

Instead of utilizing an all-direct current supervisory control systemsuch as illustrated in Figs. 1b, 1c and 2b, 20, or an audiofrequency-direct current system such as illustrated in Figs. 1e, 10 and2e, 20, having audio frequency transmitters at the dispatching oiiice,audio frequency receivers and direct current indication equipment at theremote substation, and direct current indication receiving equipment atthe dispatching office as hereinbefore described, it is to be understoodthat the system of Figs. 1e, 10, and 2e, 2e may be readily modified toprovide an all-frequency system by substituting for the batterypotentials in connection with the drive relay 59, the automaticindication control relay 63, the automatic sending control relay 64, thetrip-free indication relay IC, and the manual indication control relayCR, a frequency transmitter of a estates frequency F3 different fromthose used at the dispatching office and a frequency transmitter of afourth frequency F4 disposed to be keyed by the manual controlindication relay T-R (relay 55 would function to transfer the lineconductors from the F3 frequency transmitter to the F5 transmitter). Thereceiving relays P and N' at the dispatching office would, of course, befrequency responsive instead of polarity responsive, just as are thereceiving relays RR! and RRZ at the substation.

Furthermore, it will be realized that the system of Figs. 1b, 1c and 2b,may also be rhodifled so as to utilize transmitters and receiversoperating on frequencies Fl and F2 at each dispatching office andsubstation, instead 'of the polarity responsive equipment, as shown. Thetransmitting relays Fl and F2 may be used to control transmitters oroscillators in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1e, while using the relayscs, 63, CR, and Ed, and TR to control transmitters operating onfrequencies Pi and F2, respectively, at the remote substation. Thereceiving relays P and N could then be replaced by frequency responsiverelays, as might also the receiving relays P and N at the substationwithout further changing the system. It will also be obvious thatinstead of using frequency responsive equipment with a direct wiresignal channel, as shown, the all-frequency systems may be used withcarrier frequency on power lines or propagated through space by radio orthe like.

From the above description and the accompanying drawings, it will beapparent that I have provided a self-checking supervisory control systemwhich requires a minimum of different frequency signals for effectingits 'operation. By utilizing only a pair of distinctive si nal impulses,whether of different frequencies or different polarities, and using apredetermined number of impulses of each of the signals in producing thepoint selection code, the possibility of error in the selection isgreatly reduced, since not only a predetermined total number of impulsesmust be received, but an equal number of each must be received in orderto set up an operating circuit. By utilizing a counting chain at theremote substation and checking the number of impulses received, beforetransmission of the operate code, the reliability of the system isgreatly increased, since the possibility of faulty operation is therebyreduced to a minimum. By utilizing, for example, three pulses each oftwo different signals, either of opposite polarities or differentfrequencies, twenty difierent combinations or arrangements are possible,thus facilitating the control of a relatively large amount of equipmentwith a minimum of control equipment. A self-checking system embodyingthe features of my invention greatly reduces the time required for agiven operation, since the check-back feature between every step is nolonger necessary.

Since certain changes may be made in the above-described construction,and different embodiments of the invention may be made without departingfrom the spirit and scope thereof, it is intended that all the mattercontained in the above description and shown in the accompanyingdrawings shall be considered as illustrative, and not in a limitingsense.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a supervisory control system for controlling and supervisingapparatus units a t-a remote substation from a dispatching ofliceconnected thereto by a single signal channel, sending means operable toapply signal impulses of different characteristics but of the sameduration to the channel, circuit means including a point selection keyfor each control point connected to effect selective operation of thesending means to produce different arrangements of a fixed number ofeach of said signal impulses, receiving means at the remote substationincludingrelay means selectively responsive to said signal impulses, acontrol relay at the substation individual to each apparatus unit to becontrolled, and circuit means including said relay means connected to beselectively responsive to said different arrangements for connectingsaid control relays upon receipt of the fixed number of each of saidsignal impulses for operating in accordance with the particulararrangement of the signal impulses produced.

2. A supervisory control system for controlling and supervisingapparatus units at a remote subtation from a dispatching officecomprising, sending means operable to produce signal impulses of thesame duration but of two different characteristics, a relay chain ateach of the remote substation and the dispatching office, circuit meansincluding a point selection key individual to each apparatus unitconnected to operate the sending means selectively to produce differentcombinations each consisting of the same number of each of said signalimpulses, and receiving means at the remote substation selectivelyresponsive to said signal impulses connected to control the relay chainat the remote substation in accordance with the order of said impulsesof different characteristics, and circuit means responsive to operationof the relay chain at the remote substation operable to provide a checkon the point selection.

3. A self-checking supervisory control system for controlling apparatusunits at a remote substation from a dispatching ofiice over a singlesignalling channel comprising, transmitting means at the dispatchingoffice operable to pro--' duce signal impulses of uniform duration butof two distinctive characteristics, control means including a pointselection key individual to each apparatus unit to be controlledconnected to effect selective operation of the transmitting means forproducing different arrangements of the signal impulses each consistingof the same total number of impulses and same number of pulses of eachkind, but arranged in different orders depending upon which pointselection key is operated, receiving means at the remote substationincluding relay means selectively responsive to the signal impulses, arelay chain comprising counting relays individually responsive to thetwo relay means, a control relay individual to each apparatus unit, andcircuit means connecting the counting relays to selectively provideoperating circuits for different ones of the control relays depending onthe arrangement of signal impulses transmitted.

d. A self-checking supervisory control systemfor remotely locatedapparatus units comprising, transmitting means operable to producesignal impulses of uniform duration but of two distinctivecharacteristics, circuit means including a point selection keyindividual to-each apparatus unit to be controlled connecting thetransmitting means for selective operation to produce differentarrangements of a given number of each of said distinctive signalimpulses dependent on which key is operated, a pair of receiving meansat the remote substation individually responsive to said distinctivesignal impulses, a chain of counting relays individually responsive tooperation of each of the receiving means, control means individual toeach apparatus unit, and circuit means connecting the control means foroperation in re sponse to operation of the chain of counting relays.

5. In a self -checking supervisory control system for a plurality ofremotelylocated apparatusumts, transmitting means at a dispatchingofiice operable to produce two distinctive types of signal impulses ofuniform duration, circuit means including a point selection keyindividual to each apparatus unit to be controlled at a remotesubstation connected to effect selective operation of the transmittingmeans for producingaselectioncodecomprising a fixed total number ofimpulses consisting of a predetermined number of each of saidsignalimpulses in diiferent arrangements, switch means operable to set up anoperating circuit for causing the transmitting means to transmit anoperating code, relay means responsive to the termination of thepredetermined number of said signal impulses to complete said operatingcircuit, receiving means at the remote substation selectively responsiveto said signal impulses, a chain of counting relays at the remotesubstation individually responsive to the operation of one each of thereceiving means, release relay means operable to release the countingrelays upon the receipt of more than the predetermined number of signalimpulses, additional release relay means responsive to operation of thereceiving means, said additional release relay means being operable uponreceipt of fewer than the predetermined number of signal impulses torelease the counting relays, and a control relay disposed to beconnected by the counting relays for operation in response to receipt ofthe operating code.

6. In a self-checking supervisory control system for controllingapparatus units at a remote substation from a dispatching ofiice over asingle interconnecting signalling channel, transmitting means at thedispatching oilice operable to transmit two distinctive types of signalimpulses of the same duration, a point selection key individual to eachapparatus unit to be controlled, a chain of counting relays, circuitmeans connectingthe keys and counting relays to provide operatingcircuits for selectively operating the transmitting means to transmitdifferent predetermined arrangements consisting of a given number ofeach of said distinctive types of signal impulses depending on which keyis operated, a pair of receiving means at the remote substation eachresponsive to a different one of said distinctive types of signalimpulses, a chain of counting relays for each receiving means, a pair ofcontrol relays for efiecting operations of each apparatus unit, circuitmeans connecting the counting relays of each chain to provide operatingcircuits for different ones of the control relays when the given numberof each chain operates depending on which of the counting relaysoperate, relay means responsive to operation of each apparatus unit toprovide a different signal impulse for each operation, indicating meansat the dispatching office individual to each apparatus unit, and circuitmeans including contact means of the point selection key for eachapparatus unit providing control circuits for the indicating means inaccordance with which the key is operated and which 24 signal impulse isreceived from the remote substation.

7. In a self-checking supervisory control system for controllingapparatus units at a remote substation, transmitting means at adispatching office operable to produce distinctive signal impulses ofthe same duration, circuit means including a plurality of pointselection keys disposed to effect selective operation of thetransmitting means to produce different arrangements of the same fixnumber of each of said signal impulses, receiving means at the remotesubstation individually responsive to each of said distinctive signalimpulses, control means individual to each apparatus unit at the remotesubstation, a control key individual to each apparatusfunit operable toeffect selective operation of the transmitting means when the apparatusunit is selected to produce a predetermined operating signal impulse,relay means at the remote substation individually responsive to a fixednumber of operations of each of the receiving means to set up anoperating circuit for the control means of one of the apparatus units,transmitting means at the remote substation operable to transmitapparatus unit position indicating signal impulses, receiving means atthe dispatching office operable in synchronism with the transmittingmeans at the remote substation, position indicating means at thedispatching ofiice responsive to the operation of said receiving means,circuit means at the remote substation including contact meansresponsive to operation of the control means operable to preventoperation of the transmitting means at the remote substation, and relaymeans at the remote substation responsive to operation of the controlmeans to transmit a position signal for an apparatus unit operated fromthe dispatching ofi'ice.

8. In a self-checking supervisory control system transmitting means at adispatching office operable to transmit voltage impulses of oppositepolarities over a signalling channel connecting a remote substation tothe dispatching office for selecting and controlling the operation ofapparatus units at the substation, control means at the dispatchingoffice operable in a predetermined sequence, circuit means including apoint selection key individual to each apparatus unit to be controlledat the substation connected to effect selective operation of thetransmitting means to produce a predetermined number of impulsesconsisting of equal numbers of each polarity and arranged in diiierentpatterns, receiving means at the substation responsive to each polarityonly, a chain of counting relays individual to each receiving means,control means for operating each apparatus unit, and circuit meansincluding contact means of the counting relays connected to selectivelyprovide operating circuits for the control means.

9. In; a supervisory control system, signal means including sendingmeans operable to apply signal impulses of twodiiierent frequencies to asignal channel, a pair of transmitting relays each operable to cause thesignal means to produce a signal of a different frequency, relay meansoperable in a predetermined sequence, circult means including a pointselection key i d1vidual to each apparatus unit to be controlled at aremote station and said relay means connecting the transmitting relaysfor selective operation to produce a predetermined number of said signalimpulses in different patterns,

ceiving equipment including a pair of receiving relays at the remotesubstation each responsive only to a signal impulse of a different oneof said frequencies applied to the channel, a separate chain of countingrelays for each receiving relay having a common set of sequence relayscooperative therewith, a control relay individual to each apparatusunit, circuit means including contacts of said counting relaysconnecting said control relays to be selectively responsive to saiddiflerent patterns of signals, and reset means resposive to fewer thanthe predetermined number of signals to restore the receiving equipmentto an inoperated position.

10. In a supervisory control system, transmitting relays at adispatching ofiice operable to reversibly connect a signalling channelbetween the dispatching ofiice and a remote substation to a directcurrent source, circuit means including a point selection key individualto each of a plurality of apparatus units to be controlled at thesubstation connecting the transmitting relays for selective operation toconnect the channel to the source a predetermined number of times and inopposite senses in difierent predetermined patterns to select controlpoints for the apparatus units at the substation, a pair of oppositelypolarized receiving relays connected to the channel at the substation, achain of counting relays associated with each receiving relay includingcommon sequence relays disposed to effect sequential operation among thecounting relays, control means for each apparatus unit to be controlled,circuit means including contact members of the counting relays disposedto selectively provide operating circuits for different ones of thecontrol relays, relay means at the dispatching oflice operable apredetermined time after the transmitting relays are operated in one ofthe predetermined patterns to effect operation of one of thetransmitting relays to effect operation of the apparatus unit at thecontrol point selected, indicating control means responsive to operationof the control means for the apparatus unit selected to selectivelyconnect the channel to a direct current source with one polarity or theother, and position indicating means at the dispatching office includingcircuits set up by the point selection keys, and a pair of polarizedrelays responsive to the polarity of the channel.

11. In a supervisory control system, the combination with a, signallingchannel connecting a dispatching office and a remote substation havingapparatus units to be controlled, of sending means at the dispatchingofiice operable to produce signal impulses of two different frequencies,control means including a point selection key for each apparatus unit tobe controlled operable to eifect selective operation of the sendingmeans to produce a predetermined number of signal impulses of eachfrequency in difierent arrangements, receiving means at the substationselectively responsive to said frequencies, counting means includingrelay means selectively responsive to operation of the receiving means,apparatus unit control means individual to each apparatus unit to becontrolled, and circuit means including contact means of said relaymeans connected to be selectively responsive to operation of thecounting means for connecting one of the apparatus unit control meansfor operation.

WILLARD A. DERR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,709,031 McCoy Apr. 16, 19291,745,072 Wensley Jan. 28, 1930 1,793,828 Remington Feb. 24, 19311,913,188 Bruckel et al. June 6, 1933 2,276,646 Boswau Mar. 17, 19422,368,826 Hailes et al. Feb. 6, 1945 2,456,583 Preston et a1 Dec. 14,1948

